Medieval Indian History

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 6, Bhakti- Sufi Traditions: Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Text (C.eighth to eighteenth century)

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Question 7. Examine how and why rulers tried to establish connections with the traditions of the Nayanars and the sufis. Throughout history, rulers in various regions, particularly in India and the broader Islamic world, have sought to align themselves with spiritual and religious traditions to strengthen their political legitimacy, consolidate power, and gain popular support. … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 7, An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar (c. Fourteen to Sixteenth Century)

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Question 1. What have been the methods used to study the ruins of Hampi over the last two centuries? In what way do you think they would have complemented the information provided by the priests of the Virupaksha temple? The study of Hampi’s ruins over the last two centuries has involved a combination of archaeological … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 7, An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar (c. Fourteen to Sixteenth Century)

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Question 6. Discuss whether the term “royal centre” is an appropriate description for the part of the city for which it is used. Introduction The term “royal centre” is often used to describe a specific part of Hampi, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, which was a prominent South Indian kingdom from the 14th to … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 7, An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar (c. Fourteen to Sixteenth Century)

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Question 7. What does the architecture of buildings like the Lotus Mahal and elephant stables tell us about the rulers who commissioned them? The architecture of iconic structures like the Lotus Mahal and the Elephant Stables in Hampi reflects much about the rulers who commissioned them, offering insights into their values, culture, and governance. These … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 7, An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar (c. Fourteen to Sixteenth Century)

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Question 8. What are the architectural traditions that inspired the architects of Vijayanagara? How did they transform these traditions? The architecture of the Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646) represents a remarkable synthesis of diverse architectural traditions, shaped by cultural, religious, and political influences. The architects of Vijayanagara drew inspiration from earlier South Indian dynasties, such as the … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 7, An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar (c. Fourteen to Sixteenth Century)

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Question 9. What impression of the lives of the ordinary people of Vijayanagara can you cull from the various descriptions in the chapter? The lives of ordinary people in Vijayanagara, as gleaned from various historical descriptions, archaeological evidence, and accounts by travelers, reflect a dynamic society characterized by economic prosperity, cultural vibrancy, and religious devotion. … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter – 8, Peasants, Zamidars and The State: Agrarian Society And The Mughal Empire (c.Sixteenth – Seventeenth Centuries)

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Question 9. Discuss the ways in which panchayats and village headmen regulated rural society. Role of Panchayats and Village Headmen in Regulating Rural Society In rural India during the Mughal period, panchayats and village headmen served as the primary governing bodies, playing crucial roles in maintaining social harmony, resolving disputes, and overseeing local administration. These … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter– 6, Bhakti- Sufi Traditions: Changes in Religious Beliefs andDevotional Text(C.eighth to eighteenth century)

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Question.9 Read any five of the sources included in this chapter and discuss the social and religious ideas that are expressed in them. The Bhakti-Sufi tradition, which emerged between the 7th and 17th centuries in the Indian subcontinent, was a significant movement that sought to challenge rigid religious orthodoxy, caste systems, and hierarchical structures. Through … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter – 8, Peasants, Zamidars and The State: Agrarian Society And The Mughal Empire (c.Sixteenth – Seventeenth Centuries)

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Question 6. To what extent do you think caste was a factor in influencing social and economic relations in agrarian society? Caste was a significant factor in shaping social and economic relations in the agrarian society of Mughal India (16th–17th centuries). The caste system not only influenced the hierarchy of social status but also dictated … Read more

NCERT Solutions of class 12th chapter – 8, Peasants, Zamidars and The State: Agrarian Society And The Mughal Empire (c.Sixteenth – Seventeenth Centuries)

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Question 1. What are the problems in using the Ain as a source for reconstructing agrarian history? How do historians deal with this situation? Using the Ain-i Akbari as a source for reconstructing agrarian history poses several challenges due to its nature, purpose, and limitations. The Ain, written by Abu’l Fazl during the reign of … Read more